Jakarta (Greeners) – Following President Joko ‘Jokowi’ Widodo announcement to move Indonesia’s capital city, DKI Jakarta, to other region, assessments for the plan have been going on and important phases will be implemented before 2024.

The assessments will include from other countries who have moved their capital city, such as Myanmar, Brazil, Nigeria and Kazakhstan.

On 29 April, President Jokowi states that moving capital city requires good planning. The plan to move the capital city has been started since President Sukarno and continued by his successors, but never came into realization.

On an press release by Cabinet Secretariat, President Jokowi states that if Indonesia wants to be a developed nation, the first question needs to be addressed is whether DKI Jakarta as the capital city can carry two burdens, as central of government and public service, and business center, in the future.

“Most likely not. So, it needs to be moved to make Indonesia as a developed nation in the future,” said President Jokowi.

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Bambang Brodjonegoro, Minister of National Development Planning/Head of National Planning Agency, said that there were assessments for moving the capital city between 2017 and 2019.

Based on the assessments, there are important phases need to be implemented before moving the capital city can be realized by 2024.

This early assessments comprise of social demography and economy, land availability as alternative location, design concept, study of alternate sites for a new capital city in Indonesia or pre-feasibility or technical studies of the location, which includes strategic environmental assessment and environmental impacts analysis.

“This 2019, all of the assessments are completed and there’ll be decision about the location. Once there’s a decision, the next process is to consult with the lawmakers to agree on which legal product needed, either law, bill, supported by academics studies,” said Minister Brodjonegoro in Jakarta on Monday (13/05/2019). “Meanwhile, in 2020 is the phase to prepare the lands and ensure the status of the lands, including to prepare its basic infrastructure.”

Bambang Brodjonegoro, Minister of National Development Planning/Head of National Planning Agency, (second person from right side) said that there were assessments for moving the capital city between 2017 and 2019. Photo: greeners.co/Dewi Purningsih

In 2021, the ministry will set up the Master Plan of the Chosen City, which will have master plan details and schematics, site plan and building schematic, and basic infrastructure schematic, basic infrastructure planning, center of government planning (2,000 hectares), and area planning (40,000 hectare).

Furthermore, in the period of 2022-2024, Indonesian government will be focusing to land availability and release, set up Detail Engineering Design of core zone of central government, groundbreaking, basic infrastructure development and central government facility, and expansion area planning.

“The new capital is only for 1.5 million in the first phase at maximum. The prediction of civil servants and legislative and judiciary is 195,500 people, police and national army 25,660, their families 884,840 and business people 393,950 people. The total is 1.5 million people, that is after the new capital city is finalized for five to ten years. In addition, the new capital city will be listed as one of ten biggest city in Indonesia,” he said.

Furthermore, he said that all assessments and phases implemented will also refer to other countries which successfully moved their capital cities, such as Malaysia, South Korea, Brazil, Kazakhstan, and Nigeria.

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Quoted from Telegraph, a few countries managed to move its capital city, for instance Nigeria, from Lagos, one of the crowded cities in Africa, to Abuja in 1991. The city was considered to be more neutral to ethnic groups and religions in Nigeria. Nearly 2.5 million of people living in Abuja.

Other nation is Brazil, which moved the capital city from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro in 1960 due to economic reasons as it was leaning on mining, and for the reason that it was closer to center of state.

For its early development, Brazil only needed 41 months, between 1956-60, to built the new capital city and saw rapid growth. More than three million people lived in Rio de Janeiro and it gained the highest gross domestic growth per capital in Latin America. This success inspired other countries to move their capital cities, including Indonesia.

However, there are also failures, such as Myanmar which moved the capital city to Naypyidaw in 2005. Telegraph visited the capital city and describes it as “An empty city with no cars in the streets and no people. Only 200 miles to the south, former capital city, Yangoon (Rangoon), is full of people and temples”.

Reports by Dewi Purningsih

Jakarta (Greeners) – DKI Jakarta’s Population and Civil Registration Agency recorded a total of 10,015,712 people registered as citizens, — 10,012,271 people are Indonesians and 3,441 people are foreigners –.

Head of the agency Sapto Wibowo explained that most populated sub-district is Anyar of West Jakarta with a total of 89,853 people per square kilometer.

“Meanwhile, the largest population is Kapuk sub-district, North Jakarta, with 150,410 people,” said Sapto, in Jakarta, on Tuesday (13/10).

Urban planning expert of Trisakti University Nirwono Joga, said that increasing population in Jakarta was mostly driven by its attractiveness as the Capital City with massive infrastructure and developments as central administration.

“Like it or not, Jakarta will continue to serve as magnet for people outside Jakarta areas which are less developing,” said Nirwono.

In addition, though current trend of upper middle class choose to live in outskirts of Jakarta, such as Depok, Bogor, Tangerang and Bekasi, people are still coming to Jakarta to work. It means that they are no longer adding to the city’s population.

At this moment, Nirwono said, Jakarta has yet to develop and manage its spatial planning. Meanwhile, vertical housing such as low cost apartment, integrated housing system with school, park, office, and other public facilities are being demanded in urban areas.

“The system will encourage people to use bikes rather than cars. Furthermore, this system can be expanded in Jakarta greater areas. It will bring significant impacts. As Jakarta can accommodate more people, its environment can be protected,” he said.

Report by Danny Kosasih